Contacting a pharmotologist prematurely with the varicose veins developed is the main reason why it is too late to influence the ailment with ointment or gel.The doctor has to prescribe a more effective treatment, among which the operation of varicose veins in the legs is more effective.We must not forget that even the operational elimination of a glass affected by the disease does not guarantee a complete cure: the disease can spread to healthy tissues.
The varicose expansion, or varicose veins is a disease that is characterized by the weakness of the valves in the veins and the dysfunction of the vascular wall, as well as the stagnation of the blood in the veins of the lower extremities.This pathology is loaded not only with a violation of trophism, or fabric nutrition, whose result can be difficult and in the long term of trophic ulcers, but also dangerous in which thickness and blood blood lines are formed that can be transported by blood flow throughout the body.In addition, in the case of the formation of thrombotic impositions within the vascular wall (phlebotrombosis), its infection with the development of formidable diseases is possible: thrombophlebitis.
Varicose disease surgery
The operation of the varicose veins of the lower extremities is radical and consists of eliminating the subcutaneous veins of the lower extremities (phlebectomy) or in the sclerosis of the deep veins of the leg and the hip.
Traditionally, phlebectomy (cross -tetomy) is performed according to the Bebcock method and consists of introducing the probe in the vein light with the posterior stretch of the vein completely on its length through the cut on the skin outside.The incision sutures at the end of the operation with a cosmetic seam.
The mini phlebectomy is used to eliminate very short sections from the vein, during the operation, the veins are not used.The cuts in the skin are not carried out, and a piece of vein is removed through a thin puncture in the skin that does not require imposing seams.
With a small area of damage to varicose veins, it is possible to perform a softer technique: eliminate.This stretches with a thin hook of only a varicose node.The experience is carried out by means of two cuts in the skin with its subsequent suture.A variety of this technique is Crioestria: "Sinking" of the vein to the Criosonda using low temperatures, the destructive node also extends.
Vienna sclerosion is the introduction of sclerosing in its light, a substance that "hits" the walls of the vein with each other, but the vein remains deep under the skin, without performing its functions.The blood flow through the vein stops and passes through the collateral vessels, without violating venous blood exit from the lower limb.Vienna sclerosis is performed under ultrasound control.
The laser endovascular coagulation of the varicose veins is the last method in phlebology and consists of introducing a thin probe in the vein light with laser radiation, which exerts a caulster effect on the walls of the vein.
The radiofrequency exposure method of the veins also refers to a more modern treatment of varicose veins, but not all medical institutions are equipped with appropriate equipment.The technique consists of the "cauterizing" effect on the vascular wall of high frequency radio waves.
INDICATIONS FOR VENAS Elimination
Not all patients show surgery, but in some cases it is still impossible present without it, since it is better to eliminate the source of potential inflammation and blood clots than expect complications.States that require surgical intervention include the following:
- The risk of occurrence or thrombophlebitis already arisen,
- Frequent exacerbations of thrombophlebitis,
- Great damage to subcutaneous veins,
- Serious symptoms of varicose veins: a constant sensation of gravity and leg pain,
- Trophic ulcers that are not,
- Nutrition disorders (trophic) of the tissues of the lower extremities: changes in the color and cooling of the skin of the legs and feet.
Contraindications to the operation
Carrying out an even minimal vascular intervention is contraindicated in the following cases:
- Pregnancy 11 and 111 quarter,
- Acute infectious diseases,
- Exacerbations of chronic diseases (bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, stomach ulcer, etc.),
- Acute stroke,
- Acute myocardial infarction,
- High inflammation of the lower extremities.
In any case, all indications and contraindications are determined by a phlebologist or surgeon in the patient's full time exam process.
What method choose?
The use of a particular treatment method is evaluated only by a doctor, depending on the degree of propagation of the process.
Of course, with small nodes, less invasive methods are preferred, such as mini phlebectomy, short elimination, laser spray and sclerosis, due to the fact that they are less traumatic and practically do not require a period of rehabilitation.At the same time, with a large length of varicose veins, preference is given to traditional phlebectomy, which not only requires spinal anesthesia, but is also a fairly traumatic operation, leaving an aesthetic defect in the form of postoperative scams in the legs.
In this sense, you should not postpone a visit to the doctor in the existing initial stage of the varicose veins, and even more, it does not need to abandon a less traumatic operation if the doctor saw the need for this when examining it.
When is it better to do the operation?
The decision on the need for surgical treatment is taken only after consulting a phlegm or vascular surgeon.However, at an early stage when the patient only cares about the aesthetic discomfort in the form of varicose nodes, as well as a slight swelling of the feet at the end of the day, it can try to stop a greater progression of the process using compression point garments and venotonic drugs.
In the event that there is pain in the limbs, as well as the risk of complications, it is not recommended to delay the operation.
Preparation for operation
Before planning an operation to eliminate the veins, the patient must carry out a necessary series of exams.These include a consultation of a surgeon or phlebologist, as well as an ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities.In the event that the patient is demonstrated by eliminating the veins, it is examined in the outpatient stage, in particular, general and biochemical blood analysis should be performed, blood tests for coagulation (INCs, Acts, etc.), the ECG and the radiography of the chest organs should be performed.
The day prescribed by a doctor, the patient must come to a medical institution that practices phlebectomy.You can independently shake your hair at the bottom of the leg, thigh and in the inguinal area on the side of the affected limb.The previous day, it should be limited to a slight dinner, in the operation it is necessary to have an empty stomach.The patient should warn the operational doctor and an anesthetist about the intolerance to previously taken medications.
How the operation is carried out
After the patient arrives at the clinic and initial inspection by the operational surgeon and anesthesia, the anesthesia problem is solved.In the case of conventional phlebectomy, spinal anesthesia is used, with mini-operations, local anesthesia is used drowning the skin with novocaine or lidocaine solutions.
After the appearance of anesthesia, the surgeon establishes the location of the vein using ultrasonic dopplerography (UZDG).Next, through the incision of the skin, the probe is introduced and the main stage of the operation is introduced: the intersection and dressing of the areas of the veins during phlebectomy, stretching the vein with mini-flebectomy (only through punctures, and not through the incision) or the exposure to the laser on the walls of the bonding.The main stage takes half an hour to two hours, depending on the volume of the operation.
After the main scenario, the cuts are sutured in the skin, an aseptic bandage is applied to the wound and the patient is escorted to the room, where it will be under observation of several hours to one day.In the room, the patient puts compression linen, which is not eliminated for three days.
A day later, the patient goes home.If the surgeon prescribes dressings, the patient visits them daily or every two days.The seams are eliminated seven days after the operation, and two months later, the ups of the lower extremities are carried out.
When is the operation allowed?
Although the operation to eliminate veins with varicose veins offers good forecasts and is carried out through effective methods, there are still a number of factors, whose presence is a contraindication for surgical intervention:
Flebectomy elimination of varicose veins
- Thrombosis of the deep veins of the lower extremities.
- When inflammatory processes appear on the legs, including erysipelas and eczema.
- Heart disease and infectious diseases.
- Second and third trimester of pregnancy.
- Age without prolc.
Are complications possible after surgery?
The technique of operations, perfectly perfected for decades, allows you to minimize the risk of postoperative complications.However, in extremely rare cases (less than 1%), the development of adverse consequences such as:
- Postoperative hematomas in the skin: resolved for a couple of months,
- Postoperative stamps under the skin along the bed of a remote vein also disappear one or two months after surgery,
- Mechanical damage to lymphatic vessels that lead to lymphostasis (lymph stagnation) is treated conservatively, but after a few months the lymph begins to circulate according to anastomosis, and limb lymphotot is carried out properly.
- Subcutaneous nerves damage, manifested by transient skin sensitivity disorders, independently leveling for several months.
Complications and consequences of surgical treatment
No matter how talented it can be a surgeon, varicose veins after surgery sometimes they are felt again in the form of complications.No one can assume how this or that organism will behave.After surgical intervention in the elimination of varicose veins 2 and 3, there may be consequences that do not require treatment and bruises, this is a normal reaction of the body to tissue damage.If the patient will follow the recommendations, then everything will happen very quickly.Among other consequences, it can be taken into account:
- abundant bleeding;
- a decrease in limb sensitivity (it manifests with damage to subcutaneous nerves);
- suppuration when the infection enters;
- numbness, etc.
As for pain, they can be observed exclusively with phlebectomy, the other two treatment methods are almost painless.If there are later unpleasant sensations, then the analgesics easily stop.
The consequences can be serious;Among the most dangerous, thromboembolia is distinguished.This is an acute obstruction of a blood vessel with a thrombus that separated from the place of its location and circulates along with the bloodstream.If the patient receives assistance in a timely manner, then he can become a disabled person and even die.
Forecast and lifestyle after surgery
After the operation, for several days, they are possible pains in the operated limb and insignificant edema.To stop unpleasant symptoms, the doctor is prescribed non -steroid medications: Cetorol, Nise, etc.Immediately after the operation, the patient should start using compression underwear and perform physiotherapy exercises prescribed by the doctor.
The second day after the operation, the patient can walk a little.After one or two weeks, the slow walk must be guaranteed for a couple of hours a day.
Such provisions such as ::
- Rejection of bad habits,
- Adequate nutrition with the exception of fat and harmful products,
- Compliance with the work and rest regime,
- The exclusion during the work hours of only a sedentary or only standing position: a change in the position of the limbs in the process is necessary.
In conclusion, I would like to keep in mind that, judging by revisions, operations to eliminate veins are sufficiently favorable, and serious complications practically do not arise.In addition, the risk of complications that threaten the life of varicose veins (thromboembolism, for example) decreases sharply after the elimination of an expanded vein.Currently, an amputation of the limb due to severe inflammation and even gangrene due to thrombophlebitis (especially in the context of diabetes) is not rare, so it is better to contact the surgeon at an early stage and not refuse to eliminate the veins if necessary.Therefore, not only healthy extremities will be maintained, but also the health of the entire organism as a whole.
Preventive measures
With adverse heritage, when relatives diagnosed with varicose veins or a person is at risk for other reasons, it is important to take prevention measures:
Varicose injection
- Take vitamin C regularly, which strengthens the walls of blood vessels and improves the characteristics of blood composition;
- Use medications, your consumption must be agreed with a doctor;
- Use compression linen;
- Physical education is important, swimming, walking on foot, riding a bike, mounting the blood flow well.
Prevention also implies a transition to a healthy lifestyle: it must review the diet and abandon bad habits.